¡¡¡¡In 2004,Tianjin began to implement its step 2 of "three-step development strategy". Under the leadership of Tianjin Committee of the CPC and Tianjin Municipal Government, the people of Tianjin implemented the view of scientific development and macroeconomic control measures. With suiting the new situation and encircling the general demand of "comprehensive promotion, coordinative development, pursuing high level, fulfilling new achievement ". Great efforts were made to carry out structural adjustment, technologic innovation and opening up to the outside world. Five strategic measures were implemented in an all-round way. The economy maintained its momentum of continuous, rapid, coordinated, sound development. Social undertakings progressed in a comprehensive way, the city feature was seen new change, the peoples¡¯ living standard continued to improve, a well being society was continued to keep. 

¢ñ. Economic Development

Economic Aggregate

¡¡¡¡The national economy of Tianjin remained good momentum of steady and rapid development. The gross domestic product(GDP) of Tianjin was 293.188 billion yuan, up by 15.7 percent over the previous year at comparable prices, an increase of 0.9 percentage points year-on-year. The per capita GDP in Tianjin exceeded 30,000 yuan, was 31,550 yuan(3,812 USD). The energy consumption of per 10,000 yuan of GDP was 1.35 tons of SCE, down by 0.02 tons of SCE.

¡¡¡¡The year 2004 witnessed a balances development of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries in Tianjin. The added value of primary industry was 10.229 billion yuan, up by 5.1 percent over the previous year. Functioning as the major boost for Tianjin economic growth, the secondary industry accomplished added value 156.016 billion yuan, up by 19.8 percent over last year and 1.8 percentage points higher than in the previous year. The tertiary industry accomplished added value 126.943 billion yuan, up by 11.7 percent. In 2004, the primary, secondary and tertiary industries take up 3.5 percent, 53.2 percent and 43.3 percent of the industry in Tianjin. The share of secondary industry rose by 2.3 percentage points. The primary, secondary and tertiary industries contributed to 1.2 percent, 66.3 percent and 32.5 percent of the economic growth in Tianjin.

¡¡¡¡Financial revenue remained rapid growth. In 2004, the financial revenue of Tianjin registered 50.213 billion yuan, up by 26.7 percent over the previous year, for 13 year since 1992, the financial revenue has maintained double-digit development. The financial revenue of 11 districts and counties exceeded 1 billion yuan in 2004. Main taxes grew rapidly. The added value tax and consumption tax was 16.2 billion yuan, up by17.8 percent. Enterprises income tax was 8.02 billion yuan, up by 34.8 percent, sales tax was 7.84 billion yuan, up by 21.9 percent, individual income tax was 4 billion yuan, up by 27.5 percent. The annual financial expenditure was 43.15 billion yuan, up by 23.3 percent, of which, expenditure for capital construction and urban maintenance increased by 40.1 percent, those for agriculture increased by 35.6 percent, those for social security subsidies increased by 19.0 percent.

Labor and Employment

¡¡¡¡Great development was made in offering job posts to the unemployed. In 2004, Tianjin created 214.5 thousand new job posts, 33,300 more than in the last year, up by 18.4 percent. Of which, 137 thousand laid-off workers were employed again, up by 13.4 percent. Especially, a lot of public-good jobs were exploited, such as community security, traffic management assistant, products management and labor safeguard. 3 ten thousand unemployed persons at 40 and 50 years old were arranged in 2004. The newly employed outnumbered the sum of the newly laid-off and the newly laborer. In 2004, the number of employees was 5.302 million, up by 3.8 percent, of all the employees, 0.853 million were employed in the primary industry, 2.23million were employed in the secondary industry, 2.219 million were employed in the tertiary industry. The number of the employed in cities and towns was 3.023 million, up by 0.8 percent. The talent and labor market in Tianjin accommodated 3.2957 million people for job interviews, through which 0.9043 million people reached initial agreement with their potential employers. The registered urban unemployment rate was 3.76 percent, a decrease of 0.04 percentage points year-on-year. 

Price

¡¡¡¡The consumer price and retail price remained steady. In 2004, the overall price level for the daily consumption of Tianjin urban residents increased by 2.3 percent. The retail prices in the city increased by 0.8 percent. Of which, prices of foodstuff rose 9.9 percent, prices of housing rose 3.6 percent, prices of tobacco, wine & daily-use supplies, rose 1.0 percent. In addition, prices of clothing dropped by 7.9 percent, prices of medical healthcare and personal supplies went down by 6.6 percent, prices of traffic and telecom fell by 3.2 percent, prices of household equipment, supplies & servicing declined by 1.7 percent, prices of entertainment, educational, cultural supplies & service dropped by 0.8 percent.

¡¡¡¡In production and investment, prices rose rapidly. In 2004, the factory price of industrial products rose by 4.1 percent over the previous year. The purchase price of raw materials, fuels and motive power rose by 15.4 percent, the price for the investment of fixed assets increased by 7.3 percent.

¡¡¡¡The price for land and housing continued to rise. In 2004, the land price rose by 16.3 percent, the housing price rose by 13.5 percent. The price for commercial housing increased by 11.7 percent, the price for private housing increased by 19.5 percent, the lease price for housing increased by 1.2 percent.

Investment In Fixed Assets

¡¡¡¡Investment tended to be more diversified. In 2004, a total of 125.898 billion yuan was invested in fixed assets, up by 20.3 percent than previous year. Investment of local government was 94.126 billion yuan, up by 20.5 percent, investment of central government was 19.107 billion yuan, up by 24.9 percent.As for the investment in different industries, the primary industry received investment 309 million yuan, up by 40.5 percent; the secondary industry received 43.385 billion yuan, up by 37.1 percent, of which, industry received 41.874 billion yuan, up 36.6 percent; the tertiary industry received 69.539 billion yuan, up 13.1 percent, of which, commerce, urban construction and scientific research increased 1.8 times, 45 percent and 41.9 percent respectively. In 2004, the sources of funds totaled 128.457 billion yuan, up by 24.9 percent. Source of funds for investment in fixed assets tended to be more diversified. Of which, fundraising was 60.334 billion yuan, up by 25.1 percent, accounting for 47 percent of total funds. Domestic loans was 36.16 billion yuan, up by 16.2 percent. Foreign investment was 9.387 billion yuan, up by 55.2 percent, the share of foreign investment rose to 7.3 percent from 5.9 percent in previous year.
Construction of key projects quickened. 21 projects(Toyota Automobile, LG Electronics, etc) had been completed. The first phase of light-rail railway were completed and put into use. Equipment installation of subway line I was started. Some projects(the eastward moving of Tianjin Steel plant, Hi-tech Textile Park) progressed smoothly.

Agriculture

¡¡¡¡Agricultural production remained stable. In 2004, the gross output value of the agricultural sector was 22.135 billion yuan, up by 5.3 percent over the previous year, of which, the output value of planting sector was 9.523 billion yuan, up by 3.3 percent; the output value of animal husbandry sector was 9.258 billion yuan, up by 5.7 percent; the output value of fishery sector was 3.184 billion yuan, up by 10.5 percent; the output value of forestry sector was 0.17 billion yuan, up by 2.9 percent. The proportion of livestock breeding sector in gross output value was 56.2 percent.

¡¡¡¡The year 2004 saw new achievements in agricultural industrialization. At the end of the year, there were 404 leading enterprises in Tianjin. 126 of which had assets worth more than 10 million yuan, 6 more than last year. Of these enterprises, 10 were ranked among the national leading enterprises, 3 more than last year. In Tianjin, there are already aquatic product bases of 170,000 mu and 190 livestock and poultry bases. 65 percent of the farming families in Tianjin have participated in the system of agricultural industrialization, 5 percentage points than previous year. New progress was made in revitalizing the agriculture through advancement of science and technology. 21 application of agricultural research results were approved by specialists.

¡¡¡¡The output of agricultural and sideline products kept increasing in Tianjin. In 2004, The total output of grains increased 59,800 tons to 1,252,700 tons. The average output was 316.9 kg per mu, a rise of 8.8 kg over the last year. The yearly output of cotton was 12,0300 tons, up by 27 percent; the meat output was 531,000 tons, up by 1.3 percent; the egg output was 246,000 tons, up by 1.4 percent; the milk output was 542,000 tons, up by 25.4 percent, the aquatic product output was 307,400 tons, up by 3.1 percent; the vegetable output was 5,985,000 tons, down by 0.7 percent. The quality of agricultural products was improved. The area of pollution-free bases reached 715,000 mu, Rate of unqualified vegetable dropped to 9.9 percent.

¡¡¡¡The agricultural machinery was further improved. By the end of 2004, the total power for the agricultural machinery of the city was 6.0813 million kw, up by 1.1 percent over the previous year. Subsidies were granted to farmer households purchasing agricultural machinery. By the end of 2004, there were137,200 agricultural tractors, 2,700 harvesters, mechanical ploughed rate of farmland reached 89.9 percent, mechanical sowing rate of farmland reached 53.1 percent. The effective irrigated area increased by 700 hectares, the area of water-saving agricultural irrigation totaled 185,700 hectares.

Industry

¡¡¡¡The industrial production kept developing with great momentum. In 2004, the added value completed in Tianjin industry was 143.673 billion yuan, up 21.5 percent. The total output value was 576.393 billion yuan, up 31.0 percent. Out of the sum, the industries above designated size have accomplished the added value of 139.564 billion yuan, up by 26.5 percent; accomplished a total output value of 537.509 billion yuan, up by 31.8 percent, 132.548 billion yuan more than previous year.

¡¡¡¡The growth rate and proportion of heavy industry continued to improve. In 2004, The added value of light industry above designated size was 31.464 billion yuan, up by 18.7 percent over the previous year, the output value of light industry was 128.936 billion yuan, up 19.4 percent; the added value of heavy industry above designated size was 108.1 billion yuan, up by 29.0 percent, the output value of heavy industry was 408.573 billion yuan, up 36.2 percent. The proportion of light industry and heavy industry was 24.76.

¡¡¡¡The advantageous industries kept playing a leading role in the industrial development in Tianjin. The six advantageous industries-electronics information, automobile, medicine, metallurgy, chemical industry and new energy sources- accomplished a total output value of 379.77 billion yuan, up 35.5 percent, accounting for 70.6 percent of the output value of industries above designated size and contributing to 76.7 percent of the industrial growth.

¡¡¡¡New and high-tech industries grew powerfully. In 2004, the new and high-tech enterprises accomplished a total output value of 173.102 billion yuan, up 36.1 percent over last year, accounting for 32.2 percent of the total output value of industries above designated size, 1.7 percentage points more than previous year. The scale of new products and exports of industrial products was expanded. In 2004, the output value of new products was 152.689 billion yuan, up 47.8 percent; the value of exports of industrial products was 144.513 billion yuan, up 42.6 percent. As a result of exports, the industry in Tianjin grew by 11.1 percentage points. The share of the value of exports of industrial products in sales value was 27.1 percent, 2.1 percentage points more than previous year.

The Output of Major Industrial Products in 2004

¡¡¡¡The production and marketing situation were adapted to each other better. The sales output value was 532.641 billion yuan. The sales rate of industrial products in Tianjin was 99.09 percent, of which, that of heavy industry was 99.39 percent, that of light industry was 98.17 percent, that of state-owned enterprises was 101.35 percent, of foreign funded enterprises was 99.5 percent, of share-holding enterprises was 98.69 percent.
The economic efficiency of the industrial sector continued to improve. Overall economic efficiency of industrial enterprises above designated size in Tianjin was 178.44 percent in 2004, an increase of 32.06 percentage points over the previous year. The profit and tax of enterprises grew rapidly, profit and tax totaled 59.976 billion yuan, up 56.1 percent. Of the sum, the profit was 41.253 billion yuan, up 80.8 percent, tax was 18.723 billion yuan, up 20.0 percent. The ratio of total assets to industrial output was 13.4 percent, a rise of 3.4 percentage points over the last year. The ratio of net assets yearend to net assets at the beginning of the year was 119.5 percent, a rise of 14.5 percentage points over the last year. Number of times of turnover of circulating fund was 2.31 times, a rise of 0.14 times over the last year. The ratio of profits to industrial cost was 8.2 percent, a rise of 2.2 percentage points over the last year. The energy consumption of per 10,000 yuan of output value was 0.52 tons of SCE, down by 0.04 tons of SCE.

Construction

¡¡¡¡The production of construction sector grew in an all-round way. The output value of Tianjin totaled 63.133 billion yuan, up by 26.6 percent. Construction area of houses was 34.3648 million square meters, up 88.3 percent; area of houses completed was 13.0753 million square meters. There were 922 construction enterprises. The profit of these enterprises was 1.145 billion yuan, up 44.4 percent, the tax was 1.841 billion yuan, up 25.9 percent. Calculated by the construction value, the all-personnel labor productivity was 160,200 yuan/person, up by 5.0 percent.

Transportation, Posts & Telecommunications and Storage

¡¡¡¡The capacity of comprehensive service was further reinforced. In 2004, Tianjin transportation, posts and storage industry accomplished an added value of 28.505 billion yuan, up by 15.2 percent over previous year.
Cargo transport developed stably. In 2004, total volume of cargo transport was 434.88 million tons, up by 9.4 percent over the previous year. Of this total, the cargo transportation by railways was 209.82 million tons, up 4.3 percent; by highways, 102.4 million tons, up 1.6 percent; by water transport, 116.13 million tons, up 29.3 percent; by airport, 16,500 tons, up 27.9 percent. Share of transportation volume by three means of highway, waterway and railway was 48.2 percent, 26.7 percent and 23.5 percent respectively. Compared to the previous year, the share of transportation volume by highway was down by 2.4 percentage points, by railway, an decrease of 1.9 percentage points, and by waterway was up by 4.1 percentage points. The cargoes loaded and unloaded at Tianjin Port weighed 206.19 million tons, up 27.4 percent over previous year. Of which, the import transportation volume was 74.02 million tons, up 40.5 percent, the export transportation volume was 132.17 million tons, up 21.1 percent. The transportation volume of containers was 3.815 million international standard containers, up 26.5 percent. The freight turnover was 70,800 tons, up 45.7 percent.
Passenger transportation grew rapidly. In 2004, the volume of passenger transportation was 59.3679 million, up by 27.1 percent. Of the total, passenger carried by railways were 28.701 million persons, up by 17.0 percent; by highways, 29.11 million persons, up by 38.6 percent; by civil aviation, 1.532 million persons, up by 33.5 percent. Share of transportation volume by three means of highway, railway and civil aviation was 49 percent, 48.3 percent and 2.6 percent respectively. Of which, the share of the transportation volume by highway increased by 4 percentage points, by railway, an decrease of 4.2 percentage points, and civil aviation was up by 0.1 percentage points. Annual passenger turnover was 1.7053 million persons, up 54.8 percent.

¡¡¡¡The capacity of transportation increased. During the year, the added 10 routes were built in Tianjin port, the added 17 routes and 125 lines were built in Tianjin Binhai International Airport, up by 50 percent and 31 percent respectively. Tianjin airport handled a total of 28,000 freights in 2004. The construction of logistics infrastructure further quickened, Airport Logistics Area put into use, Dabizhuang Logistics Park began to receive investment.
The business volume of postal and telecommunication services increased sharply in 2004. The total business volume was 14.471 billion yuan, up 29.2 percent. Of which, the business volume of telecommunication service was 13.548 billion yuan, up 31.5 percent. At the end of this year, the total length of long-distance optical fiber cables was 2,554 km. The capacity of office exchanges reached 4.2829 million gates, up by 6.2 percent. Fixed telephone users numbered 3.2549 million in Tianjin, up by 5.1 percent over the previous year. Local calls numbered 8.371 billion times, up 3.5 percent. Short messages numbered 2.873 billion, up 68.8 percent. The business volume of postal service was 0.923 billion yuan, up 2.9 percent. 105.83 million copies of letters were sent and received, down by 52 percent, 3.52 million copies of EMS were sent and received, up by 9.7 percent.

Domestic Commerce

¡¡¡¡The scale of commerce circulation was enlarged. In 2004, the added value of wholesale and retail trade was 24.207 billion yuan, up by 11.2 percent over the previous year. Total goods purchase of commercial enterprises above designated size was 229.124 billion yuan, up 34.1 percent. Total sale was 321.344 billion yuan, up 30.1 percent.
The market of consumer goods kept stable while growing. In 2004, the total retail sales of consumer goods was 105.27 billion yuan, up by 14.1 percent. Of the sum, the wholesale and retail industry brought a retail sales volume 83.19 billion yuan, up 14.4 percent; the catering industry, 13.287 billion yuan, up 20.9 percent. Of the retail sales of commercial enterprises above designated size, the retail sales of communication equipment grew by 3.6 percent, the retail sales of vehicles grew by 25 percent.

¡¡¡¡The scale of markets expanded continuously. By the end of the year, there were 150 commodity wholesale markets of various kinds, of which, 56 production means markets, 40 consumer goods market, 54 agricultural product markets. 16 markets had the trading volumes of over 1 billion yuan, the trading volume of these markets was 46.685 billion yuan, accounting for 50.2 percent of total trading volume of all markets. Chubao Steel Market was the first trading volume of over 10 billion yuan.

¡¡¡¡More and more business facilities were construction. In 2004, 33 projects(Wanda Commerce Square, Jiahua International Commerce Building, Itokin, etc) opened. There were 192 large-size business facilities with 10,000 square meters. Food Street and Ancient Culture Street reformed and reopened. There were 878 commodity commercial outlets increased in 2004. There were 929 zones have breakfast stores, convenient stores and goods retrieving stores. The city demolished 23 road markets(NanChang Road, Baoji East Road, etc). Agricultural machinery supermarkets and chain stores numbered 356. 

Finance and Insurance Industries

¡¡¡¡The finance and insurance industries developed stably. In 2004, these industries in Tianjin realized added value 12.972 billion yuan, up by 15.6 percent over the previous year. At the end of the year, there were 2,828 financial institutions in Tianjin, including 1,564 bank financial institutions and 1,264 non- bank financial institutions. China Minsheng Bank Tianjin Branch opened in 2004. At the end of 2004, the numer of persons employed in the financial institutions was 43,300. 

¡¡¡¡The deposit and loan exceeded 500 billion yuan and 400 billion yuan respectively. At the end of 2004, the total amount of home and foreign currency deposited in Chinese and foreign financial institutions in Tianjin was worth 513.972 billion yuan, up 17.9 percent over previous year, increased by 77.932 billion yuan over the beginning of the year. Of this total, savings of enterprises reached 205.891 billion yuan, up by 22.7 percent, increased by 37.017 billion yuan over the beginning of the year; the savings by residents reached 226.149 billion yuan, up by 13.5 percent, increased by 26.955 billion yuan over the beginning of the year. The balance of loans in home and foreign currency reached 414.649 billion yuan, up 16.1 percent over previous year, increased by 61.369 billion yuan over the beginning of the year. Of this total, medium-term& long-term loans reached 184.997 billion yuan, up 17.5 percent; individual consume loans reached 34.705 billion yuan, increased by 8.814 billion yuan over the beginning of the year, or 2.804 billion yuan more than the increase in the previous year.

¡¡¡¡ The securities market operated steadily. At the end of 2004, there were 26 kinds of listed stocks in Tianjin. The securities transaction volume was 157.684 billion yuan, up 19.2 percent over the previous year. Of this total, the transaction volume of stocks was 142.159 billion yuan, up by 26.6 percent; that of treasure bonds, 13.861 billion yuan, down by 22.6 percent; that of funds, 1.664 billion yuan, down by 18.6 percent. Over the year, the total volume of foreign exchange swap was 1.588 billion USD, up 22.2 percent. Of this total, foreign exchange swap to Tianjin was 0.778 billion USD, up 90 percent, foreign exchange swap from Tianjin was 0.81 billion USD, down 9.0 percent.
The insurance business developed rapidly. In 2004, the premium income in Tianjin was 8.098 billion yuan, up by 7.5 percent over the previous year. Of this total, the premium income from property insurance was 1.876 billion yuan, up 20.5 percent. The personal insurance income was 6.222 billion yuan, up 4.2 percent. Meanwhile, the total payment for various insurance was 1.742 billion yuan, up 0.3 percent. The payment for property insurance was 0.963 billion yuan, down 4.8 percent, the payment for personal insurance was 0.779 billion yuan, up 7.5 percent. At the end of 2004, there were in Tianjin 17 insurance companies or subcompanies, 103 branch companies, 213 sales service departments, 19 shops and 33 intermediary institutions.

Real Estate

¡¡¡¡Real estate industry developed rapidly along with the arousing of requirement. The added value accomplished in Tianjin real estate industry was 14.651 billion yuan, up 6.1 percent. With the developing of Haihe River and the construction of roads and bridges, real estate developers invested much more in the industry than before, totaled 26.392 billion yuan, up by 24.8 percent. In 2004, the total floor space of commenced buildings in Tianjin reached 28.6555 million square meters, and that of completed buildings, 11.0813 million square meters, if which, that of residential buildings, 10.1446 million square meters, up by 35.1 percent. The sales of commercial housing also made the highest record in history. In the whole year, the total sales volume of newly completed commercial housing increased 7.7 percent to 8.4703 million square meters, which brought a sales income of 26.382 billion yuan, up 33.2 percent. 

II Reform and Opening up to the Outside World

Ownership Structure

¡¡¡¡The non-public-owned economy accounted for a higher percentage than before. In 2004, the public-owned economy completed added value 152.458 billion yuan, accounting for 52 percent of the GDP in Tianjin; the non-public-owned economy completed added value 140.73 billion yuan, accounting for 48 percent of the GDP in Tianjin, 2.6 percentage points higher than in 2003. Of which, the individual economy completed 67.433 billion yuan, accounting for 23 percent of the GDP in Tianjin, 0.9 percentage points higher than in 2003. 

¡¡¡¡The industrial economy of various ownership developed fully. State-owned and state-holding enterprises accomplished a total industrial output value of 193.025 billion yuan, up 31.3 percent. Of the industrial enterprises above the designated size, joint-stock industrial enterprises accomplished 174.109 billion yuan, up 30.2 percent; foreign funded and overseas Chinese Hongkong, Macao and Taiwan funded industrial enterprises accomplished 263.815 billion yuan, up 38.4 percent; private enterprises accomplished 44.004 billion yuan, up 42.1 percent. The sum output value of these three ownership accounted for 89.7 percent of the total output value.

¡¡¡¡The private and individual economy underwent further development. At the end of the year, the registered capital in Tianjin private and individual economy amounted to 127.128 billion yuan, 31.1 percent(i.e. 30.183 billion yuan) more than at the beginning of the year. The number of private and individual business entities was 247,900, the number of persons employed in these business entities was 1,018,700, an increase of 97,700 over the beginning of the year. The tax revenue turned over in this industry was 5.033 billion yuan, up 43.9 percent.

Management of State-owned Assets and Reform of State-owned Enterprises

¡¡¡¡The management of state-owned assets was further reinforced. The assets of state-owned and state-holding enterprises amounted to 438.4 billion yuan, the creditor¡¯s equity amounted to 145.1 billion yuan. The state-owned assets further circulated. At the Tianjin Property Right Exchange, 782 projects were registered, up by 74.9 percent. Of which, 90 projects were transacted among districts, up 125 percent, 692 were transacted among Tianjin units, up 70 percent. The transaction volume of state-owned assets was 20.038 billion yuan, up 62.9 percent. Of this total, the transaction volume among districts was 2.465 billion yuan, up 130.8 percent; the transaction volume among Tianjin units was 17.573 billion yuan, up 57.7 percent.

¡¡¡¡Great efforts were made to carry out the reform of state-owned enterprises. By the end of 2004,653 enterprises carried out reform, accounting for 45.3 percent of 1,442 state-owned enterprises. A new round of restructuring and transforming projects carried out fully. A number of projects with high technology, representing the development tendency of industry had been completed and put into use. As a result, the structure of products and industries was further optimized. The strategic eastward movement of Tianjin industry was further carried out. In 2004, there were 65 enterprises moved to the east part of Tianjin. During the past four years, about 190 enterprises implemented eastward movement.

Administrative Examination and Approval

¡¡¡¡Tianjin Administrative License Service Center put into use in 2004. About 68 administrative units set up more than 180 posts to carry out examine and approve for a series of 617 projects. For the foundation of the center, the burden of enterprises was lightened, the efficiency of government was improved. It should irrigate the change of government¡¯s function and build well-service government.

Social Security

¡¡¡¡The medical, pension insurance and unemployment insurance system was further built up. With the basic medical insurance as core part, a multi-level medical insurance system was further improved. At the end of 2004, the number of persons who had bought basic medical insurance in Tianjin was 2,630,300, an increase of 402,300 over the last year, up 18.1 percent; collection from the basic medical insurance was 2.503 billion yuan, up 28.2 percent.210 hospitals participated in medical insurance network. The number of persons who had bought pension insurance in Tianjin was 1,785,000, an increase of 100,000; collection from pension insurance was 7.89 billion yuan, up 27.3 percent. The number of persons who had bought unemployment insurance in Tianjin was 1,950,600, collection from pension insurance was 0.645 billion yuan, up14 percent. The number of unemployed people who claimed the insurance dropped to 51,300 from 95,000 in previous year. The number of persons who had bought industrial injury insurance in Tianjin was 1,110,000, collection from industrial injury insurance was 0.145 billion yuan.

Domestic Cooperation

¡¡¡¡New breakthrough was made in domestic investment. The contact sum was 36.428 billion yuan and the actual investment was 23.875 billion yuan, up by 1.1 times and 1.1 times respectively. As for investors, a number of private enterprises invested in Tianjin. Accumulative actual investment of private enterprises with investment of over 5 million yuan was 12.355 billion yuan, accounting for 62 percent of investment of key projects. As for sources of investment, the investment from Yangtze River Delta and Zhujiang River Delta accounted for a higher percentage than before. Among the key projects with investment of over 5 million yuan, the projects from Zejiang, Shanghai, Jiangsu and Guangdong province was 185, the actual investment was 7.55 billion yuan, up 2 times than the previous year, accounting for 38 percent of investment of key projects. As for fields of investment, the manufacturing industry, real estate industry and commerce & logistics industry attracted much investment, the actual investment of the three industries accounted for 42.1 percent, 28.5 percent and 19.5 percent of total investment of key projects.

¡¡¡¡Assistance and support of Tianjin to GanShu, Changdu of Tibet and Longbao Immigration District of ChongQing was further enhanced and promoted the development of local economy.

Foreign Trade

¡¡¡¡The scale of foreign trade expanded rapidly in 2004. In this year, the import and export volume in Tianjin exceeded 40 billion USD, was 42.019 billion USD, up by 43.2 percent over the previous year. The import volume was 21.154 billion USD, up by 41.1 percent, export volume was 20.865 billion USD, up by 45.4 percent. The export volume of processing trade increased by 53.2 percent to 14.013 billion USD, accounting for 67.2 percent of the total export volume through foreign trade in Tianjin. The export volume of general trade increased 32.8 percent to 6.411 billion USD. More and more enterprises carried out foreign trade, there were 2,127 enterprises have the right to import and export in 2004. The exports of foreign funded and private and individual enterprises increased impressively. In 2004, the export volume of foreign funded and overseas Chinese Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan funded enterprises increased 49.3 percent to 17.056 billion USD, accounting for 81.7 percent of the total export volume in Tianjin. The export volume of private and individual enterprises increased 2.8 times to 0.619 billion USD. The trade volume between Tianjin and major trade partners increased rapidly. In this year, the goods exported and imported between Tianjin and USA, Japan, Korea and European Union was worth 28.254 billion USD, accounting for 67.2 percent the total export volume through foreign trade in Tianjin.

¡¡¡¡The structure of export commodities was further optimized and the export of machinery, electrical appliances and new and high-tech products increased rapidly. In 2004, the export volume of machinery and electrical appliances increased by 60 percent to 14.7 billion UDS, accounting for 70.5 percent of the total export volume. Of the exported machinery and electrical appliances, new and high-tech export products brought home 8.67 billion USD, up by 80.3 percent.

¡¡¡¡The scale of import and export volume through Tianjin Port was the highest volume. In 2004, the import and export value at Tianjin Port was 67.767 billion USD, up 47 percent. The export volume was 38.48 billion USD, up 48.4 percent; the import volume was 29.29 billion USD, up 45.1 percent. The port information platform was expanded. Clearing Customs Service Center was set up and straight-through passage has been in operation between Tianjin Port and Hebei, Shanxi, Neimenggu and Xinjiang.

Foreign Investment

¡¡¡¡Great development was made in utilization of foreign investment. With the launch of Resolution on Further Development of Opening to the Outside World was published in Tianjin, the city created a better investment environment and a new round of opening to the outside world was founded. In 2004, 1,102 foreign funded enterprises were approved to establish in Tianjin, 17.1 percent more than in the previous year. 120 large projects whose investment value was above 20 million USD, the contract value for direct investment of foreign capital was 5.589 billion USD, up 59.1 percent; the amount of capital actually invested in the year was 2.472 billion USD, up 51.4 percent. The manufacturing industry played a leading role in encouraging foreign investment, the service industry also accelerated its step to make use of foreign capital. In 2004, the contract value of foreign investment and foreign funs actually utilized absorbed by manufacturing industry was 3.435 billion USD and 1.774 billion USD respectively, up by 59.4 percent and 63.5 percent respectively, accounting for 61.5 percent and 71.8 percent of foreign investment of Tianjin. The electronic equipment industry, electronic machinery industry, automobile industry, special purpose machinery and chemical materials industry each attracted more than 150 million USD foreign capital. The contract value of foreign investment and foreign funs actually utilized absorbed by service industry was 1.935 billion USD and 0.66 billion USD respectively, up by 45.7 percent and 35.8 percent respectively. Of the total, Commerce and real estate industry accelerated the step to make use of foreign capital, the contract value of foreign investment of the two industries increased by 1.1 times and 45.8 percent. Undertaking investment and credit guarantee were approved to invest in Tianjin. In this year, the contract value of foreign investment from 10 countries exceeded 100 million USD, the highest six countries included Hong Kong, USA, Japan, Korea, Taiwan and Singapore. The contract value for direct investment of foreign capital from these six countries accounted for 54.1 percent of total contract value. Of which, foreign capital from Hong Kong increased 8.5 percent, foreign capital from USA increased by 31.7 percent, foreign capital from Korea increased by 37.1 percent, foreign capital from Taiwan increased by 34.2 percent, foreign capital from Singapore increased by 1.7 times. The growth rate of investment from European Union rose obviously. 15 countries of EU invested 0.46 billion USD to Tianjin, up 80 percent. At the end of 2004, 118 countries and regions have invested in Tianjin. Of the top 500 enterprises in the world, 106 have invested in Tianjin, 6 enterprises more than 2003.

Foreign Economic Cooperation

¡¡¡¡The pace of "go out" quickened. In 2004, the number of foreign-contracted construction projects and labor service collaboration contracts signed was 777, with turnover at 0.527 billion USD, up by 30.1 percent. 56 enterprises in Tianjin were qualified to carry out economic cooperation with foreigners. They undertook projects and accomplished labor contracts with 71 countries and regions. At the end of the year, a labor force of 12,500 workers were working abroad. In the whole year, 489 contracts were signed to introduce advanced foreign technologies, and the contract value was 492 million USD. 58 overseas institutions were approved to be established in 21 countries and regions in the year, among which there were 50 overseas manufacturing enterprises. The total investment value was 62.0559 million USD and the Chinese investment was 47.9696 million USD.

Tourism

¡¡¡¡Tourism increased rapidly. In 2004, Tianjin received 616,000 international tourists, up 26 percent than the previous year. The earnings from international tourism was 412 million USD, up 25.2 percent. The number of domestic tourists in 2004 increased by 21 percent and income from domestic tourism was 48.514 billion yuan, up 22.8 percent. In this year, 99,100 people from Tianjin traveled abroad, up 86.6 percent, spending 1.303 billion yuan, up 66.5 percent. More than 20 tourist resources, including ancient culture street, were completed. In 2004, over 10 large-scale tourism activities were successfully organized in Tianjin: Haihe River Tourism Festival, Mazu Culture Tourism Festival, Huangyaguan Section of the Great Wall International Marathon, etc. At the end of 2004, there were 253 travel services, including 26 international travel services and 227 domestic travel services. There were in Tianjin 101 star hotels, 3 five-star hotel more than last year. 

New Coastal Area

¡¡¡¡The New Coastal Area plays a much more important role than before in the economic development of Tianjin. In 2004, the New Coastal Area¡¯s GDP was 125.02 billion yuan, up by 20.1 percent over the previous year. Its total industrial output value was 303.075 billion yuan, up 42.1 percent. The investment in the fixed assets was 56.547 billion yuan, up 21.8 percent. Its export brought home 13.699 billion USD, up 53.3 percent, accounting for 65.7 percent of the total export volume in Tianjin. The amount of the foreign capital that was actually made use was 1.744 billion USD, up 43.5 percent, accounting for 70.6 percent of the total foreign capital. TEDA was saw the highest growth rate in its industry during the past eight years. In 2004, its industrial output value was 182.214 billion yuan, up 45.6 percent. TEDA has greatly improved its industries as well as its competitive edge, including IT, automobile industry, medicine and chemical industry. The goods value entering and exiting Tianjin Port Free Trade Zone was 13.1 billion USD. There were over 20 large-scale logistics enterprise setup enterprises in 2004. Distributing and selling a total of 50,000 automobiles, it took the lead in China in this field.

¢ó Urban Construction and Management

Construction of Infrastructure

¡¡¡¡The construction of urban infrastructure was carried out quickly. The cith founded Tianjin Infrastructure Investment Group in order to quicken the construction of urban infrastructure. The construction of major bridges of Subway line 1 were completed thoroughly, the underground stations of major straight-line part were constructed, underground EMP excavating completed. Five rivers(Changtai River, Hucang River, etc) were reconstructed. About 30 old gas pipe network were reconstruction and made 300,000 people be benefited. The investment of drainage works increased in 2004. 21 pump stations were newly constructed and increased the drainage area of 20 square kilometers, the power of dealing with rainstorm was improved.

Construction of Roads

¡¡¡¡The construction of urban roads developed rapidly. The length of 156 km expressway was under constructed, 11 km put into use. At the end of 2004, paved road length was 4,159 km, paved road area was 6,069 square meters. The construction of quick-speed roads was carried out in an all-round way. Over 30 projects began to construct, including 25 bridges. In this year, Tianjin-Tanggu Highway Flyover, Weiguo Road Flyover, Xuelian Road Flyover were completed and put into use. 81 km quick-speed roads put into use. 59 roads(Nanjing Road, Changjiang Road, Leyuan Road, Xihucun Street, etc) were reconstructed.

Public Traffic

¡¡¡¡In 2004, traffic and transportation became more convenient than before. In this year, 74 new routes were opened, including 14 regular bus routes, 2 school bus routes and 58 free shopping routes. At the end of 2004, along 402 public transportation routes, 6,338 public vehicles were running, an increase of 272 compared to the previous year. 32,000 taxis were also in operation.

City Greening

¡¡¡¡In this year, the coverage rate of green land in developed areas reached 35 percent, 4 percentage points higher than the previous year. The per capita area of green land reached 8.1 square meters, an increase of 1.4 square meters over previous year. Some parks were constructed, such as Jiefang Park, Music Park, Beichen Park. In 2004, the newly afforested area in Tianjin was 5,700 hectare. 

Public Utilities

¡¡¡¡Public utilities continued to develop. The daily production capacity of tap water in Tianjin was 3,590,000 tons, and the sales amount of tap water in 2004 was 580 million tons, including 190 million tons water for domestic use. There were 2,127,000 fuel gas user households in Tianjin. At the end of 2004, 98.48 percent of the urban residents used gas for fuel. The heating area of heat pipeline network of the city was 75.7 million square meters, an increase of 6 million square meters than the previous year. The newly heat pipeline was 200 kilometer. Central heating was available to 80 percent of the households.

¡¡¡¡In 2004, some garbage and sewage treatment projects were under constructed, including Jizhuangzi Waste Water Discharge Factory, Xianyang Road Waste Water Discharge Factory, Beicang Waste Water Discharge Factory, Shuanggang Garbage Power Plant, Xuzhuang Garbage Transfer Station, Dahanzhuang Garbage Treatment Station, etc. Three sewage treatment projects put into use. The disposal capacity of sewage and garbage reached 70 percent and 80 percent respectively.

Environment Protection and Harnessing

¡¡¡¡New progress has been made in comprehensively harnessing the environment. At the end of 2004, there were 20 environment monitoring stations in Tianjin. Tianjin government had established 7 model ecological areas and 9 natural reserves, which covered an area of 164,500 hectares. There were 59 smoke and dust control zones, which covered an area of 501.76 square kilometers.

¡¡¡¡The environment condition in Tianjin was further improved. In 2004, the number of days in which the air quality was above the second class was 299, 81.7 percent of the total number of days in a year. The air condition to construct Tianjin into a model city of environment protecting accomplished. The up-to-standard rate of water quality in the sources of drinking water was 100 percent. Great achievement was made in environment protection and harnessing. 1,326 coal-fueled boilers were renovated. The acoustic environment in Tianjin was fair, too. Traffic noise averaged 68.0 DB, down by 0.2 DB. The environment noise in the urban area was 54.9 DB. 80 percent of the total area where the environment noise condition reached relevant standard, 2 percentage points higher than that in the last year. In this year, 46 quiet resident zones were newly established.

Information Construction

¡¡¡¡The informatization of government administration has achieved a lot. First section of e-office project and government video conference system put into operation. The information system of Tianjin Administrative License Service Center put into use. New progress was made in applied system of government administration. Identity card and household register management system put into use. Social insurance information system accomplished collection and payment of medical insurance, pension insurance and industrial injury insurance. 210 hospitals participated medical insurance information network. Tax payment on the network took the lead in China. The port information platform played important role in improving the efficiency of entering and exiting port. The average time of entering and exiting port per batch/time dropped to 4.23 hours from 11.74 hours. Selling houses on the network put into use. "100 projects " of e-office implemented smoothly, including 104 projects of 19 committees, offices or bureaus in Tianjin. During the past three years, a number of 350 projects of 19 committees, offices or bureaus were approved on the network, providing convenient condition for enterprises and residents.

¡¡¡¡The information technology played more important role in the development of economy. Achievement was in a number of e-business system. About 27 groups, share-holding companies, central enterprises of industry system put information on the network. 15 sector websites have been established in medicine, machinery, chemical and textile industry, etc. The enterprise whose sales revenue was over 100 million yuan established sales system on the network. Digital prove center put into operation, issued 35,000 digital prove for taxpayers. Tianjin is the first one to apply CA certificate in key sectors in China.

Quality Supervision and Inspection

¡¡¡¡There were 34 enterprises whose 37 products exempted from quality surveillance inspection. At the end of 2004, a number of 2,178 certificates were issued in Tianjin. There were 9 products approved "China Famous Brand", 3 products more than the previous year. The city setup 19 quality inspection agencies. In 2004, these agencies inspected 5,328 batches of 4,255 enterprises, rate of batch-time qualified was 85.5 percent. The city setup 21 agencies for metrology inspection, accomplished the inspection of 1,350,000 units of metrology instrument, of which 88 percent were coerced to inspect. At the end of 2004, the number of enterprise standard was 32,000, an increase of 3,547 more than the previous year. 231 food enterprises were gained food manufacture approve. A number of 2,766 certificates for 3C product were issued. 15,800 cases were deal with for manufacturing and selling false products, including 3,519 cases deal with by quality supervision system. A sum of 670,000 batches goods were inspected by Tianjin Entry-exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, with the value of 52.1 billion USD, up 50 percent than the previous year.

¢ô Social Undertakings

Science and Technology

¡¡¡¡Tianjin secures the third position in China in terms of overall scientific and technological strength. In 2004, Tianjin won 1,408 municipal awards for its scientific achievements, 75 of which reached the leading level in the world and 282 of which came up to the advanced world standard. The year 2004 saw the submission of 8,406 patent applications in Tianjin, 2,578 patents were authorized. There were 27 academicians. There were 116 postdoctoral programs in Tianjin, including 48 traveling stations and 68 working stations. In 2004, 8,002 technology contracts were signed in the technology market, bearing a contract transaction value of 4.503 billion yuan, up 7.2 percent than the previous year.

¡¡¡¡A series of great breakthrough has been made by the innovation of technology. A new HAPO was found for the first time over the world. A gene of vicious blood tumor and a blood tumor anti-medicine gene have been certificated by clinic in China at the first time. The design of integrate circuit(soc chip) has reached the international level of 90 nano in China. Pathology animalcule test biology chip, HIV fusion inhibitor Sifuvirtide, electronic motor, the research of CIS solar battery have all made great breakthrough.

¡¡¡¡Tianjin has been quite aggressive in pushing ahead in 60 Hi-tech industrialization projects. Among these projects, 20 projects, including TEDA sea water desalination, began to construct. 18 projects, including Lishen Li-ion battery project aiming to build 200 millions annual production capacity, completed on schedule. Huayuan Software Park was claimed as a national export base of software products. At the end of 2004, there were 171 enterprises with registered 341 products, 54 enterprises and 86 products more than the previous year. In Tianjin, there were 56 information system integrated enterprises and information system supervision enterprises, 11 enterprises more than the previous year. Tianjin Petrochemical Corporation and Tianjin Dingsheng Construction Machinery Group Co., Ltd. was approved as national enterprise technology center. At the end of 2004, there were 100 national and municipal enterprise technology centers in Tianjin, including 10 national enterprise technology centers. Cell Research Center Computer Antivirus Research Center were approved as national research center. 38 municipal key laboratories were claimed for the first time in Tianjin.

¡¡¡¡Hi-tech Industry Park developed rapidly. In 2004, the park yielded a total income of 65.943 billion yuan from technology, industry and trade, up by 35.3 percent. The total output value of technology, industry and trade here was 59.579 billion yuan, up by 35.4 percent. The total profit was 2.319 billion yuan, up by 35.6 percent. The total tax payment was 3.508 billion yuan, up 35.3 percent. The sales income from export was 1.634 billion USD, up by 28.1 percent.

Education

¡¡¡¡Education developed in all round. In Tianjin, there were a total of 40 ordinary institutions of higher education and senior vocational schools, which enrolled 96,200 students in 2004, up 11.7 percent. At the end of 2004, there were 286,100 students receiving higher education, and 51,700 graduates from these institutions. The year 2004 also saw the admission of 9,200 graduate students, up 8.2 percent over the last year. The number of graduate students was 24,500 and 5,000 of them graduated in 2004. The gross rate of admission to higher education institutions was 52 percent, up 3 percentage points over the last year.

¡¡¡¡The education quality was continuously improved in primary and high schools in Tianjin. In 2004, there were 400,600 high school students and 139,100 high school graduates in Tianjin. The ordinary senior high schools enrolled 72,300 students, up 3.4 percent over the last year, and the number of senior high schools was 198,500 and the number of graduates was 52,600. 94 percent of the junior high school graduates were admitted to receive senior high school education. There were 135,200 enrolled students in secondary vocational schools, with 47,700 new entrants, up by 3.0 percent. The primary schools in Tianjin enrolled 81,600 students, thus the total number of primary school students was 554,800. In this year, 114,800 students graduated from primary schools. In kindergartens, there were 198,600 children. 99.97 percent of the school-age children were admitted to primary schools and 99.89 percent of the primary school graduates were admitted to high schools. There were 39 model senior high schools, 8 schools more than the last year. There were 10 model primary schools. 70 percent of students could study at qualified high schools.

¡¡¡¡Adult education has formed high level teaching system. In 2004, the adult education institutions of higher learning in Tianjin enrolled 41,200 students, thus the total number of these students was 78,500. In this year, 37,300 students graduated from these schools. The average education period of new labor was 14 years, accomplished the goal of "10th 5-year Plan " one year ahead of schedule. The Heping District morality build-up system for youngsters, whose is composed of schools, communities and families, has been learned by domestic units.

Culture

¡¡¡¡Culture, art, radio, film and television industry in Tianjin continued to develop and innovate. At the end of 2003, there were in Tianjin 15 arts performing troupes, 19 culture, science and technology halls, 17 museums and 31 public libraries. Tianjin Museum opened to the public, with over 200,000 pieces of collection, including about 1,000 national one class collection. There were 7 radio channels(accessible to 100 percent of Tianjin citizens). There were 9 TV channels(accessible to 99 percent of Tianjin citizens. In the whole city, 1,800,000 families have access to cable TV programs. A series of excellent programs were put on stage in this year. Some programs got citing and commendations in the national contest activities, including Peking Opera Mazu, myth puppet show The Boy of Huashan, drama Sounding the Bugle, etc. In 2004, a lot of cultural activities were successfully organized in Tianjin: the Seventh "Heping Cup" China Peking Opera Fan Contest, the Third Peasants¡¯ Arts Festival, the Second Mazu Cultural Tourism Festival, etc. Tianjin also hosted Tianjin International Children¡¯s Culture and Arts Festival 2004. A series of anniversary activities were opened for Tianjin officially celebrating its 600th anniversary as a city.

Public Health

¡¡¡¡The medical care and public health service developed in all round. The allocation of 14 public health resources started in 2004, Tianjin People¡¯s Hospital, Tianjin Eye Hospital and Tianjin Medical University the Second Hospital put into use. Public health system was further improved, the supervision of public health was further strengthened. In consideration of SARS and bird flu, relevant preparatory proposals were initiated. Food inspection was carried out in Tianjin. Rural health service was pushed ahead, the new-type rural cooperative medical system developed in 4 districts and counties. 3,200,000 peasants took part in free health checkup and were created health files. About 300,000 rural washrooms were renovated.

Sports

¡¡¡¡There was a breakthrough in the development of athletic sports. At the 28th Olympic Games, the athletes from Tianjin won 3 gold medals, 1 silver medals. Tianjin Women¡¯s Volleyball Team won the first place in the national league tournament for the successive three years. Mass sports activities were popular among ordinary Tianjin citizens. In 2004, 391 sites for national fit-keeping were built. By the end of 2004, there were 1,955 sites for national fit-keeping exercise, covering a total area of 15,500 square meters.

Social Welfare and Relief

¡¡¡¡Social welfare work further developed. A total of 24,194 received social relief, 234,000 residents benefited from the city¡¯s fund for ensuring a minimum standard of living, of which, the urban residents numbered 205,100. All social welfare institutions in Tianjin had 14,011 beds and 11,003 inmates. The city had 8 relief stations. 1,704 sites were provided with community service facilities, including 112 community service centers.

Social Security

¡¡¡¡The social security maintained good level. Criminal cases dropped by 7.6 percent than the previous year. In this year, there was no catastrophic fire, the number of died persons occurred in traffic accidents dropped by 13 percent than the previous year.

Disable Undertaking

¡¡¡¡The special education agencies enrolled 200 students in 2004. At the end of 2004, there were 2,600 students receiving special education. In 2004, the welfare factories to find jobs for 1,726 disable people. At the 28th Olympic Games, the disable athletes from Tianjin won 4 gold medals, 9 silver medals and 2 bronze medals. About 2,943 public facilities were renovated for disable people.

¢õ Population and People¡¯s Life

Population

¡¡¡¡The population of Tianjin increased with a low growth rate. At end of 2004, the permanent population in Tianjin was 10,236,700. The registered population was 9,325,500. Among the registered population, the agricultural population was 3,763,700, the non-agricultural population was 5,561,800. In 2004, the birth rate in Tianjin was 7.31¡ë, the death rate was 5.97¡ë, the natural growth rate of population was 1.34¡ë. 

Income of Residents

¡¡¡¡The growth rate of income of residents in 2004 was higher than in 2003. In 2004, the per capita remuneration of persons employed in urban units was 21,045 yuan, up 13.7 percent than the previous year. According to our sample survey, the per capita disposable income of the urban residents was 11,467 yuan, up 11.2 percent, 0.7 percentage points than the last year. Along with the development of agriculture, the agricultural taxes were called off, direct subsidies were granted to harmer households planting grain, the income of peasants increased quickly. The per capita net income of the peasants was 6,525 yuan, up 11.3 percent, 1.0 percentage points than the last year.

Consumption of Rural and Urban Residents

¡¡¡¡The living level of rural and urban residents further improved. For the urban residents, the per capita nonproductive expenditure was 8,802 yuan, up 11.9 percent than the previous year, their expenditure on residence and medical care increased by 12.3 percent and 18.1 percent respectively. For the rural residents, the per capita expenditure was 3,297 yuan, up 9.4 percent, their expenditure on medical care and traffic and communication increased by 13.0 percent and 11.6 percent respectively. Green health household electric appliances and modern telecommunication equipment have become the focus of the consumers¡¯ attention. At the end of 2004, for every 100 urban families in Tianjin, there were 55.33 video disk player, 95.33 air-conditioners, 107.13 mobile phones, 41.2 computers, 26.73 vacuum cleaners, 2.33 cars, 85.8 showers, 4.93 body building equipment. For every 100 urban families, they had 115 color TV sets, 92 washing machines, 36 air-conditioners, 33 video disk player, and 8 computers.

Living Conditions

¡¡¡¡The living condition of the urban and rural residents were further improved in 2004. In the urban area, the per capita construction area was 24.2 square meters, an increase of 1.1 square meters. In the urban area, the per capita floorage was 25.22 square meters, an increase of 0.78 square meters. Property management was further improved. There were 642 property management companies, managing the total area of 86,520,000 square meters, accounting for 56 percent of the total residential buildings. The construction of low-rent houses was started in Tianjin. 
The main problems in national economy and social development were as follows: the development of the tertiary industry is yet to be quickened; the proportion of individual and private economy is yet to be improved. the pressure of employment, re- employment and social security is expanded; the scientific innovation should be strengthened; there are enough margin to save power and reduce consumption.



Note:

1. All figures in the communique are preliminary statistics.
2. According to the regulation of National Bureau of Statistics, Gross domestic product of each region is named gross region product in Chinese, the gross domestic product of Tianjin in the communiqu¨¦ refer to original GDP.
3. According to the regulation of National Bureau of Statistics, the coverage of Total Retail Sales of Consumer Goods excludes sales of products by manufacturers to households, and social groups, also excludes sales of products by agricultural producers to non-agricultural households.
4. Figures in value term on added value and output value of GDP and all industries are at current prices, where as growth rates are calculated at comparable prices.
5.Industrial enterprises above designated size refer to all state-owned enterprises and other enterprises with annual sales of over 5 million yuan.

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