Research and Experimental Development (R&D) refers to systematic and creative endeavours aimed at expanding the overall volume of knowledge and appl ying the knowledge in inventing new uses. It includes basic studies, application research and experimental development. For industrial enterprises, their R&D ma inly belong to experimental development activities.

Fundamental Research takes on a meaning to indicate an experimental or theoretical research made to acquire new knowledges about fundamental princip les and rules of facts and phenomena discovered, nature and motion law of objec ts, new development, new theory, not for any special purposes of putting to a pr actical use.

Applied Research means an originally-created research in which resea rchers are engaged to acquire the latest knowledges for any special purpose, it is either to determine both what a fundamental research is worth and what are us es of knowledges to be put into practice possibly or to decide either on new met hods (in principle) or on the foregoing uses to attain a specifically-practised and predetermined goal.

A development In Experiments A systematically-experimented developme nt arises from an operational need to make the present-existing the technologi c al process, system and services of on-line production improved essentially, by e stablishing new ones to develop new-type devices, products and new-found materia ls with new knowledges gotten from fundamental research, applied research and pr actical experience.

Achievements Applying on Researches & Experiments Developing It is m eant that a lot of work is systematically taken to find solutions applicable bot h/either to technological problems in products, materials and devices put into p roduction and in skills, systems and services into practical use. This kind of a chievements include blueprint, technical standard and operating rules with techn ology and technological parameter for the purpose of production and practical op eration.

Science and Technique Services A forward movement in research of the science and development of experiment is a help in creation, spread and applica tion of scientific and technological knowledges, including seven principal matte rs:(a) extending application, on scope, of an achievement in science and techniq ue by setting an example related there to in popularization, (b) furnishing user s with the systematic information on sciences and value-lasting documents as a s tudy, (c) making technique-inquiring business available to users for requirement of technologies either by way of a suggestion or of a scheme, either analysis o r feasibility report, (d) people observing day by day and/or listening and repor ting on or testing, by apparatus, things appearing in or changes brought about b y the nature and living beings, (e) inspecting and/or searching for resources, ( f) collecting, analyzing routinely and sorting out the general-purpose informati on on socialities, humanities and economics, e.g. statistics and on-the-spot inv estigation on markets, (g) providing a test, standarization,measure,calculation, quality control and patent-related services to the society and the public, not to industrial enterprises and/or firms engaged in the above items-developing dea lings made available to their normal production and/or operation.